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Category: Canine
Canine hyperadrenocorticism
Cushing's disease, Cushing's syndrome
AffectedAnimals:
Although dogs of almost every age have been reported to have Cushing's disease, it is most common in middle-aged and older dogs. Most dogs diagnosed with Cushing's disease are at least nine to 10 years old. Slightly more female dogs are affected than male dogs. Large breed dogs tend to be affected more often than smaller breeds. Several breeds are more commonly diagnosed with PDH than others, including poodles, terriers, German shepherds, dachshunds, beagles, and boxers. Many of these same breeds are also reported to have adrenal gland tumors at a greater frequency.
Overview:
Cushing's disease results from excessive production of cortisol, a hormone normally produced by the adrenal glands. This excessive cortisol production can result from abnormalities in the pituitary gland that cause excessive hormone secretion by the adrenal glands, by tumors within the adrenal glands themselves, or by a combination of these factors.
A variety of symptoms can result from excess cortisol, the most common of which include increased thirst and urination, increased appetite, panting, and skin changes such as hair loss and thinning of the skin. Efforts to distinguish which form of the disease is present are important, as this can influence treatment recommendations. Blood tests and imaging procedures, including abdominal ultrasound, may be needed to make this distinction. Pituitary-dependent Cushing's disease is usually treated with medication. Adrenal gland tumors are best addressed surgically, although they can also be treated medically in situations in which surgery is not advised.
Complications due to Cushing's disease and its treatment are common, but with careful diagnosis and management, many dogs with Cushing's disease can survive for many years, depending on a number of health factors.
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